![]() ![]() He was given what he had not known until then: a clean place to lie, unconditional love, and dignity. She laid him in a bed, washed his entire body using a basin and cloth, picked the maggots out of his open wounds and dressed them with ointment, laid him in fresh sheets and gave him a drink of cold water. She carried him herself to the home for the sick and dying. One day Mother told us of a man who lay dying in a gutter, half-eaten by worms, rotting. “They’re graveyards!” Bill did not understand Mother’s decision until one afternoon a fellow volunteer recounted an old story: “Calcutta’s gutters are no home,” he thought to himself. Why would Mother Teresa choose to remain in this city, where the streets resembled a poor man’s coffin? After working for a month, Bill was even more confounded than when he began. Whatever you did for one of these least brothers of mine, you did for me. And some were dead by the time Bill found their corpses in the gutters. He would then carry them back to the sisters. ![]() ![]() Searching for bodies next to the screeching locomotives, Bill would find the dying huddled along the platforms. In the surrounding villages, the unwanted would be put on a train with a one-way ticket to Calcutta, where they would be thrown out and left to die on their own near the tracks instead of being cared for by their children, siblings, family or friends. ![]() He quickly discovered that his search was most fruitful near Calcutta’s busy train stations. Each morning he would leave the hospice center in search of the many dying individuals who were rejected by their own family and friends, literally thrown away and left to die alone on the city streets. As a strong, 21-year-old male, Bill seemed like a perfect candidate. The sisters needed a volunteer to leave each morning and find those who were dying and had no one to care for them. Bill was not a practicing Christian but was moved to work at Mother Teresa’s famous “Home for the Dying,” a primitive hospice designed to give the poor in Calcutta a place to die with dignity.īill’s job was unique. It was fascination with this choice that motivated a young man named Bill to spend his summer serving with Mother Teresa’s sisters, the Missionaries of Charity. Why spend a lifetime in Calcutta? Mother Teresa could have lived anywhere, so why choose to stay in this city? Nevertheless, it is the city Mother Teresa called home. Make no mistake: Calcutta is not a comfortable place. Poor people line every curb of the sprawling metropolis. In contrast to India’s beautiful countryside, a polluted haze blurs the cityscape. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Quick PDF Tools was not a great choice, but it is a good basic set of tools to work with PDF files. The online Help file gives a good overview of the program’s capabilities. This is a long list of tasks that you will need to complete with one application. This means that you are converting images, text, pages, and entire documents to PDFs, as well as using them as forms. This means you work with PDF documents and that you also transfer source material in and out of PDF. It is easy to say that PDF is the heart of your workflow. It integrates into your Windows context menu. Alternatively, you can right-click on a PDF to open it with this program. Debenu PDF Tools Pro can be launched normally. It is very intuitive and all of its functions are easily accessible. PDF Tools Pro version 2 (and PDF Maximus version 1) are the ones I have. Some Win Explorer alternatives, such as XYplorer, are 32-bit based and cannot use the 64bit shell extensions installed. The last version of PDF Tools only supports 64-bit extensions. You can also ‘Extract’ PDF elements, such as Embedded Fonts or Images to File. I had 100 PDF files that contained over 1000 form fields. This product has saved me a lot of time as an engineer who hates documentation. CutePDF is an excellent utility, but PDF Tools offers more advanced PDF automation, Windows Explorer integration, and scripting features. ![]() You can combine multiple PDFs or convert an image to a PDF. If you’re looking to test it out before purchasing, there is a 14-day fully-functional trial version. It also features a new PDF viewer, which allows you to view and edit PDF files quickly. Debenu PDF Tools Pro 3 can be used with SkyDrive or Dropbox. Batch processing allows you to apply the power and flexibility of Debenu PDF Tools Pro on single files or entire folders with just one click. There are many workflow options available – you can split and merge PDF files, insert text, images, convert images into PDF and back again, as well as crop, rotate and delete pages. Debenu PDF Tools Pro is free and you don’t have to install Adobe Acrobat or any other PDF software. You can also convert images to PDF or convert PDF into text. It is easy to use and allows you to preview PDF files, merge PDFs, edit document properties and add and edit custom metadata. ![]() To see the full list of features, right-click on any PDF file in Windows Explorer. ![]() ![]() The effort was led by Frederick Reines and the liquid scintillator detector used was called the Case-Witwatersrand-Irvine or CWI detector.Īlthough the KGF group detected neutrino candidates two months later than Reines CWI, they were given formal priority for first discovery of atmospheric neutrinos due to publishing their findings two weeks earlier. The South African experiment begun in 1965, took place 3200 meters underground and was managed by groups from Case Institute of Technology, University of California, Irvine and University of the Witwatersrand. ![]() The experiment, using an iron calorimeter, discovered the first atmospheric neutrinos about the same time (in 1965) as a similar discovery took place in the East Rand Proprietary Mines ( ERPM experiment) in South Africa. Seven detectors were deployed at a depth of 2.3 km in Heathcote shaft and Champion Reefs mines. The experiments were conducted by groups from TIFR, Durham University and Osaka University ( Bombay-Osaka-Durham collaboration) using basic trigger with scintillation counters and Neon Flash Tubes (NFT) for tracking detectors. The main goal was the detection of atmospheric neutrinos, with an understanding that cosmic rays contain high energy pions and muons which decay in the Earth's atmosphere to produce billions of neutrinos. Neutrino-related experiments were started in KGF in 1964. Murali and Balasubramaniam briefly assisted Mondal and Ito as research assistants. Ito, Osaka City University, Japan, performed experimental studies on proton decay and indirectly observed the scatter of muons. During 1984, Naba Kumar Mondal, TIFR, and Prof. Ramana Murty (also spelled Ramanamurty in some occasions), the trio sometimes called MNR, and sponsored by TIFR. These were followed by experiments in 1961 by S. The first experiments involving variations of muon fluxes (a measurement of muons passing through a given media) with depth was conducted by B. ![]() The mines had abundance of Kolar rock whose special characteristics with respect to density and chemical composition (different from that of normal rock) were also a useful advantage in the experiments. KGF also allowed the scientists to study the energy spectrum and angular distributions of muons even at very high energies. KGF was chosen because the depths of its mines allowed muons to be studied in a better environment than what was possible with magnet spectrometers operated at sea level. ![]() The initial experiments that took place in KGF were related to the study of cosmic ray muons. ![]() |
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